Southern Sámi language

Southern Sami language

Southern Sami
Åarjelsaemien gïele
Spoken in	Norway, Sweden
Native speakers	600 (date missing)
Language family	Uralic Writing system Southern Sami is one of the six Sami languages that has an official written language, but only a few books have been published for the language, one of which is a good-size Southern Sami–Norwegian dictionary. Southern Sami uses the latin alphabet: A/a, B/b, D/d, E/e, F/f, G/g, H/h, I/i, (Ï/ï), J/j, K/k, L/l, M/m, N/n, O/o, P/p, R/r, S/s, T/t, U/u, V/v, Y/y, Æ/æ, Ø/ø, Å/å An alternative orthography replaces Æ/æ with Ä/ä and Ø/ø with Ö/ö. The variants Ä/ä, Ö/ö are used in Sweden, Æ/æ, Ø/ø in Norway, in accordance with the usage in Swedish and Norwegian, based on computer or type writer availability. The Ï/ï represents a back version of I/i, many texts do not distinguish between the two. C/c, Q/q, W/w, X/x, Z/z are used in words of foreign origin. Phonology Southern Sami has two dialects, the northern and the southern dialect. The phonological differences between the dialects are relatively small; the phonemic system of the northern dialect is explained below. Vowels The vowel phonemes of the northern dialect are the following; orthographic counterparts are given in brackets: Consonants Grammar Sound alterations A typical feature of Southern Sami is the alternation of first-syllable vowels through Umlaut in the declension and conjugation of words. Often there are three different vowels that alternate with each other in the paradigm of a single word, for example as follows: Cases Southern Sámi has 8 cases: Verbs Person Southern Sami verbs conjugate for three grammatical persons: Mood Tense Grammatical number Southern Sami verbs conjugate for three grammatical numbers: Negative verb Southern Sami, like Finnish, the other Sámi languages and Estonian, has a negative verb. In Southern Sami, the negative verb conjugates according to tense (past and non-past), mood (indicative and imperative), person (1st, 2nd and 3rd) and number (singular, dual and plural). This differs from some other the other Sami languages, e.g., from Northern Sami, which do not conjugate according to tense. Syntax Like Skolt Sami and unlike other Sami languages, Southern Sami is an SOV language. References Bergsland, Knut. Røroslappisk grammatikk, 1946. Knut Bergsland. Sydsamisk grammatikk, 1982. Knut Bergsland and Lajla Mattson Magga. Åarjelsaemien-daaroen baakoegærja, 1993. Hasselbrink, Gustav. Südsamisches Wörterbuch I–III External links Sámi lottit Names of birds found in Sápmi in a number of languages, including Skolt Sámi and English. Search function only works with Finnish input though. Southern Sámi grammar Southern Sámi analyzer Samien Sijte – Southern Sámi Museum and Cultural Center Sørsamisk forskning og undervisning – Universitetet i Tromsø Áššu Ávvir Min Áigi Muitalægje Nuorttanaste Saǥai Muittalægje
Southern Sámi	Daerpies Dierie Waren Sardne
Skolt Sámi	Sää´mođđâz
Norwegian	Ságat

Northern Sámi	Ođđasat

Northern Sámi	Gába Sápmelaš
Lule Sámi	Bårjås
English	Árran Báiki
Swedish

Radio

Various Sámi languages	NRK Sápmi

Online

Inari Sámi	Kierâš

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